Diabetes Mellitus An Autoimmune Dysfunction - 1815 Words

Diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune dysfunction characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from lack of insulin, lack of insulin resistance, or both with the involvement of destruction of cells known as beta cells, which produce insulin in the organ called pancreas. The pathophysiology behind this metabolic disorder is that there are two types of diabetes mellitus, Type 1 and Type 2 and are two very distinct entities. For those who predispose to Type 1 diabetes, a triggering event, possibly a viral infection which will lead to a production of autoantibodies therefore, killing the beta cells which will decline in and an ultimate lack of insulin secretion. Insulin deficiency will then occur, when a great amount of beta cells are destroyed leading to the sign of hyperglycemia, enhanced lipolysis, and protein catabolism. Having its juvenile onset it is insulin dependent. Making the pancreas secrete little or no insulin . Replacing it with synthetic insulins such as rapid acting, regular, in termediate, and long acting insulin to counteract. Then followed by Type 2 diabetes, which is a chronic disease caused by one or more of following factors; impaired insulin production, inappropriate hepatic glucose, or insulin receptor insensitivity. Having its adult onset it is non insulin dependent. Making the pancreas doesn t produce to secrete insulin which then in replacement of it would be using sulfanyureas and meglitinides; stimulating the beta cells of the pancreas toShow MoreRelatedCoexistence of Autoimmune Disease with Type I Diabetes Mellitus in Libyan Patients2041 Words   |  8 Pagesserum level of T4, T3, FT4, FT3 and TSH were measured for 748 patients. The venous blood samples were taken from all the subjects in the morning after fasting overnight while TPOAb and TGAb level were measured abroad. 101 of patients with type1 diabetes mellitus were included in this study were investigated for celiac disease and Addison disease. Both diseases were diagnosed abroad. Celia c disease patients have been diagnosed by finding a positive anti-tissue transglutaminase (TTG) test and Addison diseaseRead MoreEssay On Diabetes761 Words   |  4 Pageseffect (Baynes, 2015). The autoimmune destruction of pancreatic ÃŽ ²-cells, leads to a deficiency of insulin secretion which results in the metabolic derangements associated with T1DM. Normally, hyperglycemia leads to reduced glucagon secretion; however, in patients with T1DM, glucagon secretion is not suppressed by hyperglycemia (Holt, 2004). The resultant inappropriately elevated glucagon levels exacerbate the metabolic defects due to insulin deficiency. In type 2 diabetes these mechanisms break downRead MoreDiabetes Mellitus : A Group Of Diseases That Affect Your Body Uses Blood Sugar1601 Words   |  7 Pages2056 FT030 Diabetes Mellitus Research Paper Annabelle Anglo 03/17/2015 According to Mayo Clinic, â€Å"Diabetes mellitus refers to a group of diseases that affect how your body uses blood sugar (glucose). Glucose is vital to your health because it s an important source of energy for the cells that make up your muscles and tissues. It s also your brain s main source of fuel.† (Mayo Clinic, 2005) Diabetes Mellitus has 3 types: Type 1 Diabetes, Type 2 Diabetes, and Gestational Diabetes. Type 1Read MoreDiabetes Mellitus : An Autoimmune Disease And Affects The Body s Metabolism Of Carbohydrates1316 Words   |  6 Pages Carla Rodriguez MED 2056 Diabetes Mellitus Instructor Anglo March 11, 2015 Pathophysiology Diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease and affects the body’s metabolism of carbohydrates. There are varying types of diabetes but patients are predominantly diagnosed with type 1 or 2. Type 1 is an insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and type 2 is a non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Patients are tested for diabetes by undergoing blood sugar tests or urinalysis. Typical symptomsRead MoreDiabetes Mellitus : A Group Of Metabolic Diseases Characterized By Hyperglycemia Resulting From Defects1463 Words   |  6 PagesDiabetes Mellitus is â€Å"a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. It is a disease which is caused by the insufficient insulin secretion or decrease in the peripheral effects of insulin. It is a serious problem in terms of morbidity and mortality. The hyperglycemia is associated with long term damage, dysfunction and failure of various organs especially the eyes, kid neys, nerves, heart and blood vessels. It’s associatedRead MoreThe Clinical Manifestations And Pathophysiology Of Type 1 Diabetes1404 Words   |  6 Pagestype 1 Diabetes, an understanding of autoimmunity and how Grave’s disease identifies as autoimmune in nature, and how it also presents in Serum laboratory testing. Ava is a 15-year-old girl that has presented to hospital with a history of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Grave’s disease. She has been unwell for 3 days with a viral illness so her father has brought her to the emergency department. She has an elevated blood glucose level, glycosuria, polydipsia and elevated blood ketones. Diabetes MellitusRead MoreDiabetes Mellitus : Long Term Damage1144 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The term diabetes mellitus describes a metabolic disorder of multiple aetiology, characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. The effects of diabetes mellitus include long–term damage, dysfunction and failure of various organs (1). There are two main types of diabetes (2-6); Type 1 diabetes (T1B) usually develops in childhood and adolescence and patients requireRead MoreDiabetes : The Common Chronic Disorders1737 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTION: Diabetes is one of the most common chronic disorders in UK [1]. According to Silverman, more than 2.6 million people in UK are diabetic as according to data collected from GP practices and more than 5 million obese people are registered to GP practices. So One in ten people are getting treatment for obesity and one in 20 are getting treatment for diabetes [2]. It is estimated that more than 5% men and more than 4% women in England are found to have diagnosed diabetes. While, 3% menRead MoreEssay on Diabetes Mellitus1282 Words   |  6 PagesDiabetes mellitus is a collection of common metabolic disorders. The scenario of passing large amount of urine is described by the Greek and Roman physicians as diabetes whereas the term mellitus refers to sweet taste (Barrett, Barman, Boitano, Brooks, 2012). The name of the disease reveals one of the important clinical manifestation, that is, passing sweet-tasted urine, and in the other word, the presence of sugar in the urine. Besides that, Fu nk (2010) stated that there are three most commonRead MoreThe Management Of Patients With Diabetes1303 Words   |  6 Pages Diabetes mellitus MANAGEMENT The management of patients with diabetes is classified in the current review under the following categories: a) Non-Pharmacological, b) Pharmacological, c) Monitoring of glycemic control, d) Prevention, e) Clinic organization and f) Referral and admission. The psycho-social impact of the disease should not be underestimated. Doctors should learn the communication skills as well as the skills of breaking bad news to patients when informing them of the diagnosis for